3 вариант

Вариант № 3

1.    Подчеркните сказуемое предложений, определите их
видовременную форму, переведите предложения на
русский язык.

1. The rise in stock prices has created a marked increase in purchasing power.
2. The distinction was subtle to some investors and analysts.
3. The economy comprises millions of people and thousands of firms as well as the government and local authorities
4. Poor countries like India and the Sudan only have 5 per cent of the world's income.
5. Your income will be less than that of your neighbours.
6 The scale of government activities m the modern economy is highly controversial.
7. The student behind the counter is working there because it is a suitable раrt-time job.

2.    Подчеркните сказуемое предложения, определите его
видовременную форму и залог, переведите предложения
на русский язык.
1. Goods and services of a firm are bought by customers, the government and other firms.
2. Purchasing capacity is influenced by a variety of organizational factors.
3    Baby powder was traditionally sold for use on infants.
4    People were encouraged to lake risks and to become entrepreneurs.
5. The plan has been fulfilled.

3.    Поставьте следующие предложения в Passive Voice
Начните предложения с указанных слов.

Model: I ask a lot of questions. A lot of…
A lot of questions are asked by me.

1    Adults often buy toys, especially  before Christmas .Toys…
2    She brings a lot of documents for meetings. A lot of documents…
3    The typist sends a lot of letters. A lot of letters…
4.  We receive a lot of e-mails every week. A lot of e-mails…
5    This team built the house of the mayor. The house of the mayor…
6    The supervisor helped the new staff to get acquainted with the office rules. The new staff…

4.    Переведите предложения на русский язык, поставив сказуемое в Passive Voice.

1.    Все учебники этого автора уже распроданы.
2.    Каждый год открывается много новых магазинов.
3.    Его книги издавались в Москве и Париже.
4.    Студентов в университетах США поощряют участвовать в университетских советах.
5.    Это coглашение готовилось 20 дней.

5.    Определите функцию причастия настоящего времени
(Participle I) в предложении, переведите предложения на
русский язык.

1    The segment showing the highest potential for growth will be where the product is "new.
2    The starting point for the Marketing Plan is the sales forecast.
3.    Any meeting involving the manager and her staff  has a significant leadership content.
4.    Non-verbal communication can tell you what other people are (saying) feeling even if they don't utter a word.
5.    The President is working to strengthen the state.
6.    Having seized many colonies Great Britain became one of the greatest colonial powers in the world.

6.    Определите функцию причастия страдательного залога (Participle II) в предложении, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1    Senior and very experienced subordinates need less instruction.
2    Reprimands are best given in private conversation.
3.    Many organizations introduce revolutionized management approach to direction (motivation) of employees.
4.    People’s needs are arranged in the hierarchy of importance.
5    Psychologist Abraham H. Maslov developed a widely accepted list of human needs.
6    We have decided not to bin these machines.

7.    Переведите предложения на pусский язык, обращая внимание на многозначностъ слов that. it. one.

1    Firms will produce popular goods rather than less favoured ones.
2    It's a well-known fact that high tax rates reduce the incentive to work.
3    A mixed economy means that it contains elements of both market and planned economies
4.    It is still possible to sell hamburgers at a profit.
5.    That is one possibility, but there is another one.

8.    Подчеркните подлежащее и сказуемое в сложноподчиненных
          предложениях (определительных, дополнительных и          обстоятельственных). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.    It all depends on the preferences of the individual or the society that has to make the choice.
2.    Interest rates influence the saver’s decision since they represent the return on his or her savings.
3. Government will accept that low rates of inflation exist in main economics.
4. Although the crucial feature of money is its acceptance as the means of payment, money has other functions.
5. Money is the medium through which people exchange goods and services.

9.    Переведите следующие бессоюзные придаточные предложения на русский язык.

1. They bought things they wanted very easily.
2. Planners are afraid to produce goods and services unless they are sure substantial amounts will be purchased.
3.    Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire.
4.    Mr. Carter realized he had very little money left.
5. I think these are the accounts you need for your further calculations.

































Вариант № 3

1.Определите функции инфинитива в предложении, переведите на русский язык.

1. То escape poverty in developing countries is very difficult.
2. Government can act to help distribute income throughout their population.
3. The aim of mixed economies is to avoid the disadvantages of market and command economics.
4. There's one more thing to be said at this stage.
5. To start your own business you should have a lot of money and reliable partners.
6. The aim of positive economics is to explain how society makes decisions about consumption, production, and exchange of goods.

2. Поставьте следующие предложения в косвенную речь,
обращая внимание на правила согласования времен,
переведите их на русский язык.

1. Не said:"I sent them an e-mail two days ago"
2. The office manager pointed out,” We have finished our work”.
3. The sales manager told us,” The buyers agree to accept the cargo on our conditions".
4. The secretary answered,” I will type eight letters before I go”.
5. He replied, "I was working hard all the time”.
6. I said to him,” She has not been here before".

3. Определите функции глаголов should и would в предложении, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We should bear in mind that demand curves slope upwards.
2. If nobody liked hamburgers, society would devote no resources into hamburger production.
3. The second pad of the proposition is the recommendation about what the government should do.
4. You wouldn't do it if you had all the information.
5. The company s experts agreed that the deal would he unprofitable.
4. Прочтите и переведите письменно весь текст.

MIXED ECONOMIES
Command and market economies both have significant faults.
Partly because of this an intermediate system has developed, known as
mixed economics.
A mixed economy contains elements of both market and planned
economies. A command economy does not allow individuals to make
economic decisions, while in a free market system individuals exercise
considerable economic freedom of choice without any government
restrictions. Between these two extremes lies a mixed economy.
Technically, all the economies of the world are mixed. It is just the
balance elements that alter. Some countries are neater to command
economies, while others are closer to free market economies. So, for
example, Hong Kong has some state-controlled industries, while Cuba
has some privately owned and controlled firms.
The aim of mixed economies is to avoid the disadvantages of both
systems while enjoying the benefits that they both offer. So in a
mixed economy the government and the private sector interact in
solving economic problems. The state controls their share of the
output through taxation and transfers payments and intervenes to
supply essential items such as health, education and defence, while
private firms produce cars, furniture, electrical items and similar, less
essential products
The UK is a mixed economy: some services are provided by the
slate (for example, healthcare and defence) whilst a range of privately
owned businesses offer other goods and services. The Conservative
Government under Margaret Thatcher switched many businesses from
being state-owned and controlled to being privately owned as part of
its privatisation programme. This has taken the UK economy further
away from the planned system.