вар 5 HISTORY OF RAILWAY ELECTRIFICATION

Вариант 5
1.Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык,  обращая внимание на способы перевода инфинитива. Подчеркните инфинитив в английских предложениях.
1. The electrified lines of Russia are able to cater more than 50% of the entire cargo haulage.
2.  It is not economic to use electric locomotives for shunting operation.
3.  To drive electric locomotives we must have machines that can convert electricity into mechanical motion.
2.Образуйте от данных глаголов две формы Participle I. Полученные причастия переведите на русский язык
Model: to read –    a) reading – читая, читающий;
                                   b) having read – прочитав
1) to use; 2) to make; 3) to develop; 4) to forget; 5) to burn; 6) to transport; 7) to receive; 8) to feel; 9) to study; 10) to carry; 11) to go; 12) to try; 13) to think; 14) to cover; 15) to speak.
3.  Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle I . Подчеркните причастия I в английских предложениях и в переводе.
1.  The construction of power-stations operating on atomic fuel and generating electric current is quite necessary.
2.  When placing an iron core within a solenoid, we obtain an electromagnet
3.  An electric current passing through a wire heats that wire.
4.  Образуйте Participle II от глаголов, данных в скобках. Полученные словосочетания переведите.
Model: a (to write) article – a written article – написанная статья.

1) a locomotive (to power) by electricity; 2) a (to delay) flight; 3) a (to break) engine; 4) a report (to type) in duplicate; 5) a (to carry out) plan; 6) a (to suspend) bridge; 7) a contract (to sign) by 2 companies; 8) mistakes (to make) in calculations; 9) the (to develop) countries; 10) railway tickets (to sell) yesterday.

5.  Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle II . Подчеркните причастия II в английских предложениях и в переводе.
1.  When heated to a suitable temperature, a filament emits electrons.
2.  It was recognized that a source of controlled high-energy particles in sufficient quantities would be extremely useful in nuclear experiments.
3.  The graphite-uranium reactors will be installed in the deep concrete- faced wells.  

6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
                 THE HISTORY OF RAILWAY ELECTRIFICATION
The world railways are searching the ways to increase their economic efficiency and the speeds of passengers and goods trains. One essential condition to achieve this is electric traction.
The first attempt to apply electricity to transport purposes was made by Jacobi, a Russian physicist and electrical engineer. In 1838 he ran an electric boat at a speed of about 5kph on the Neva River.
Another major success in using electric power was made by Werner von Siemens who was the first to produce a passenger electric locomotive. His locomotive was demonstrated at the exhibition in Berlin in 1879.
Two years later a small electric railway, the first one in the world, was put into operation in Berlin. Then an electrically operated railway was built in the British Isles. It was an underground railway in London opened to traffic in 1890.
In spite of having a relatively short history electric traction has made a remarkable progress. Electric railways perform valuable service on every continent.