СРОЧНО!!!!
Вариант 1
I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:
а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;
б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;
в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Many economists specialize in a particular branch of the subject.
2. Karl Marx's "Capital" was a massive critique of capitalism.
3. When economy enjoys a boom, business experiences general prosperity.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая вниимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.
1. Price stability is one of the economic goals.
2. The so-called "bad debts" cut profit margins sustantially.
3. When decisions are made in markets we call this a market economy.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.
1. When the economy is enjoying a boom, unemployment rate is the lowest.
2. During periods when people have less to spend, many firms face hard times as their sales fall.
3. The longer is the night, the shorter is the day.
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.
1. Some time later Adam Smith became a tutor to a wealthy Scottish duke.
2. Any of us now recognize the importance of major economic events.
3. No brief description can offer clean guidance to the content and character of economics.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов-сказуемых и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. In 1936 J.M.Keynes published "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money".
2. Different societies take different approaches in solving economic problems.
3. Macroeconomists will devote their efforts to the detailed analyses of particular industries or activities.
VI. Письменно переведите текст.
FROM THE HISTORY OF ECONOMICS. ECONOMICS AS A SCIENCE TODAY
Economics is a social science studying economy. Why study economics? In fact people do it for countless reasons. For many people concern for the economy goes no further than the price of tuition or the fear of losing job. Many others, however, are aware that their job prospects and the prices they pay are somehow related to national trends in prices, unemployment, and economic growth. Although few people think in terms of price indexes and graphs most of us now recognize the importance of major economic events. And that's why so many people worry about such abstractions as unemployment rates, inflation, economic growth, etc.
As a scholarly discipline, economics is two centuries old. The first scientist who made extraordinary contributions in economics was Adam Smith. He was born in a small fishing town near Edinburgh, Scotland. At the age of 28 Adam Smith became Professor of Logic at the University of Glasgow. Then he received a grant and devoted 10 years to writing his work "The Wealth of Nations" which founded economic science. It was published in 1776. His contribution was to analyze the way that markets organized economic life and produced rapid economic growth. He showed that a system of prices and markets is able to coordinate people and bisiness without any central direction.
Письменно ответьте на вопросы.
1. What is economics?
2. How old is economics as a scholarly discipline?
3. What was Adam Smith's contribution in economics?