английский язык

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА  № 2 (II семестр)
для студентов направления «Экономика»

Упражнение № 1.
Работа с текстом. Прочитайте и переведите текст устно.

Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Product
1.    Gross Domestic Product or GDP is the amount of money a country makes from goods and services inside the country for a certain of time, usually for a year.
2.    When GDP is calculated different sectors of economy can be analysed. In the United Kingdom the following sectors of economy are usually analysed: manufacturing, services (financial, professional and scientific services, leisure and tourism), energy (oil, natural gas, coal) and agriculture. In the United States the following sectors of economy are usually annalysed when the GDP is defined: construction and manufacturing; trade and finance; transport, communication and services; agriculture and mining.
3.    Speaking, as an example, about one of the recent year's GDP figures, the following can be quoted: In the UK the services sector accounted for roughly 60 per cent of Gross Domestic Product. Manufacturing sector accounted for a small percentage of Gross Domestic Product. Energy production sector accounted for about 8 per cent of GDP. Agriculture – only for 4 per cent of GDP. But the agricultural sector satisfies twothirds of the country’s needs. And only a small fraction of the total population, about 2 per cent, are engaged in agriculture.
4.    In the USA the construction and manufacturing sector accounted for 40 per cent of GDP; trade and fi¬nance earned 25 per cent of GDP; transport, commu¬nication and services sector earned 20 per cent of GDP; agriculture and mining earned 5 per cent of GDP. By the way 10 per cent of the employed population of the United States is engaged in agriculture.
5.    So, the Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of output of the
factors of  production located in the domestic economy. It can be measured in three equivalent ways: as the sum of value added in production, the sum of factor incomes including profits accruing to entrepreneurs, or the sum of final expenditure.
6. What Does GNP Actually Measure? A company’s accounts provide a picture of how the company is doing. Our system of national income accounting allows us to assess the performance of the economy as a whole. But, just as a company’s accounts may conceal as much as they reveal, we must interpret the national income accounts with some care. We concentrate on GNP as a measure of national economic performance.
7. GNP measures total income earned by domestic citizens regardless of
the country in which their factor services were supplied. GNP equals GDP plus net property income from abroad.
GNP takes no account of non-market activities such as pollution, and valuable activities such as work in the home. No allowance is made for production unreported by tax evaders. GNP doesn’t measure the value of leisure.

Упражнение 2
Соотнесите английские слова из текста с русскими эквивалентами.
Например: 1 в
1    Gross Domestic Product    a    природный газ
2    to calculate    b    валовый внутренний продукт
3    manufacturing    c    Доход
4    science    d    Производство
5    scientific    e    Мера
6    leisure    f    Досуг
7    natural gas    g    загрязнение
8    agriculture    h    научный
9    to define    i    сельское хозяйство
10    to quote    j    цитировать, приводить (текст)
11    In come    k    подсчитывать
12    pollution    l    обрабатывающая промышленность
13    production    m    определять
14    measure    n    наука

Упражнение  3
Выпишите из текста все слова с окончанием – ing и определите его функцию.
Например: including – Participle I

Упражнение  4
Выпишите из текста все слова с окончанием – ed и определите его функцию.
Например: accounted - Participle II

Упражнение 5
Найдите предложение с модальными глаголами
и переведите их (5 предложений).

Упражнение  6
Найдите  в тексте предложение в Pr. Continuons Tense и задайте следующие вопросы (5):
General q-n    (общий вопрос - 1)
Special q-n        (специальный вопрос - 2)
Alternative q-n    (альтернативный вопрос -1)
Disjunctive q-n    (разделительный вопрос -1)

Упражнение 7
Определите и напишите являются ли следующие слова: существительными, инфинитивом Participle 1, Participle 2.
to produce    to calculate    to manufacture    to quote
produce    Calculation    manufacture    Quoted
producer    Calculator    manufacturer    Quoting
product    Calculated    manufactured    Quotation
production    Calculating    manufacturing    
produced            
producing            


Упражнение  8
Напишите правильны (T) или неправильны (F) следующие утверждения из текста и переведите их.
1.    GDP isn't the amount of money a country makes from goods and services…
2.    In the US the following sectors of economy can be analysed.
3.    In the UK the services sector accounted for roughly 60 % of Gross Domestic Product.
4.    By the 10% of the employed population of the UK is engaged in agriculture.
5.    A company’s accounts provide a picture of how the company is doing.
6.    We concentrate on GNP as a measure of national economic performance.
7.    GNP takes into account non-market activities.      

Упражнение № 9
Найдите в тексте ответы на вопросы.
1.    What sectors of economy are analysed in the UK?
2.    What sectors of economy are analysed in the USA?
3.    What are the results of this analysis?
4.    Is GDP the value of output in the domestic economy?
5.    What ways can it be measured?
6.    What provides a picture of how the company is doing?
7.    What is a measure of national economic performance?

Упражнение № 10
Прочитайте внимательно 5 и 7 абзацы и переведите их письменно.

Упражнение № 11
Продолжите следующие предложения и переведите их, используя слова из текста.
1.    Gross Domestic Product or (GDP) measures…
2.    Gross National Product or (DNP) measures…