Контрольная работа №3

Задание 1   Прочтите текст и переведите письменно отрывок, выделенный курсивом

LABOUR IN BRITAIN
Businesses in Britain are often owned by people, not by the government. This is called free enterprise. Most Britons respect the idea of competition in business and many of them believe that the free-enterprise system encourages equal opportunities.
     The British government provides welfare through subsidies, grants and services for the population. This is called social wage; it amounts to 1316 pounds per year for each adult of the working population. Some years ago Governmental arrangements were made in order to shorten unemployment. A nationwide organization helping people to find jobs was set up. It is the Manpower Services Commission. The Commission runs two agencies: the Employment Services Agency and The Training Services Agency. The first offers a suitable job to an unemployed person, the second trains him/her in new skills if necessary.
Robert Smith is 46 years old. He and his wife have to work in order to afford the house and a college education for their two children. Robert has worked at a factory for 30 years. One day he had been replaced by technology. What can he do to find a new job?
He can go to a job center, an employment office or to a private agency. Robert can also read advertisements in special journals and find information in any possible way.
At the Local Job Center Robert is registered as an unemployed and then he is given an unemployment benefit which is sent to him by mail every week. If his benefit is not enough to live on, Robert can get some extra help fr om the Social Security Office.  One day the Job Center informs Robert about a possible vacancy. First he has to go for an interview with his prospective employer. If terms are acceptable for the both the labour contract is signed.
Working people are protected by Britain Trade Unions that concern for work conditions and correct wages. Employers have the Chamber of Commerce that protects their business interests.
     There are about 9 million full-time industrial workers in the United Kingdom, but their amount declines steadily. More and more Britons decide to work for themselves as businessmen, independent craftsmen and farmers.

Задание 2   Выпишите из текста эквиваленты выражений:
Задание 3 Если утверждение соответствует содержанию текста, поставьте знак +, если не соответствует , поставьте знак –
Задание 4   Переведите письменно названия профессий и занятий; используйте их для ответов на вопросы задания 6:
Задание 5 Переведите письменно названия предприятий и организаций, используйте их для ответов на вопросы задания 6 :
Задание 6 Ответьте письменно на вопросы о работе
Задание 7 Этими прилагательными можно охарактеризовать работу. Прочтите и переведите письменно:
Задание 8  Составьте и запишите по 2 предложения по каждому образцу,  используя слова из заданий  5 , 6  и  7
Задание 9 Составьте и запишите 6 предложений по моделям, используя названия профессий и соответствующие им качества личности:
Задание 10  
а)   В таблицах 1, 2, 3 найдите соответствия и запишите парами
b) Составьте 9 предложений (на три должности), логически связанные между собой.
Задание 11   Составьте из простых предложений сложноподчиненные. Подчеркните сказуемое, подвергнутое согласованию.
Задание 12   Измените прямую речь на косвенную.
Задание 13   Измените повелительные предложения на косвенную речь.
Задание 14   Измените вопросы на косвенную речь.
Задание 15   Запишите диалог между работником центра занятости (Job Center officer) и посетителем (Applicant) в косвенной речи

•    Applicant: I’m unemployed and I’m looking for a job.
•    JC officer:  What do you like doing?
•    A: I like driving most.
•    O: What about working a bus-driver? It’s interesting and not very stressful.
•    A: That’s fine, but I don’t want to work at night.

Задание 16   Заполните краткую анкету.
Задание 17   a) Заполните пропуски словами, подходящими по смыслу (по цифро-буквенной системе) b) Выполните письменный  перевод текста.
a) disappeared    b) earn    c) were created    d) more     e) nurseries    f)look after
Model: 1-d
Part-time work
In 1994, for the first time in British history, 1------- women than men had jobs. Over 200,000 part-time jobs 2------ in 1993 and most of them went to women. At the same time, 100,000 full-time jobs 3------ in Britain and it was mostly men who lost their jobs.
Many women with children take part-time jobs. Some of these women may want to work full-time, but cannot do so because it is difficult for them to find someone to 4----- their children. In Britain there are very few 5-----for young children. Partners often have to look after the children while women work part-time in the early morning or in the evening. It is more difficult for single mothers to take on even part-time work because they must 6------ enough to pay someone to look after their children.
Задание 18   а)Раскройте скобки. Выпишите из текста предложения со вставленными словами (10 предложений).
б) Выполните письменный перевод отрывка, выделенного курсивом.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

    People have always _________ (pollute) their surroundings. But until now ___________ (pollute) was not such a serious problem. With the ___________ (develop) of crowded industrial cities the problem has become more important. The most serious _________ (environment) problems are pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution), noise from cars, buses, planes, destruction of wildlife and others.
Air pollution is a very serious problem. One of the most alarming forms of air pollution is acid rain. Acid rain is __________ (kill) forests in Canada, the USA and central and northern Europe. In the USA 1 in 5 lakes suffers from this type of pollution.
One of the most important problems is _________ (deplete) of the ozone layer. The ozone layer protects the earth from the sun’s ultraviolet rays. The ozone layer is being damaged by chlorofluorocarbons. They are __________ (release) by the daily use of industrial and household products, such as refrigerators, air conditioners and so on. Depletion of the ozone layer increases the risk of skin cancer, weakens the immune system of people.
The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly _________ (die), the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction.
Another problem is destruction of the tropical forest. It has a major impact on the world climate. The tropical rain forest is a natural _____________ (protect) for our planet. It recycles carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, helps determine temperature, rainfall and other climatic conditions.
An even greater environmental threat is nuclear power stations. After the Chernobyl accident Belarus has become the zone of the ecological disaster. The Chernobyl catastrophe has affected the destinies of millions of people.
If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly. Some progress has been already made: 159 countries-members of the UN have set up environmental protection agencies. They hold conferences _______________ (discuss) ecological problems and take practical urgent measures to avoid ecological catastrophe. There are numerous public organizations such as Greenpeace*. They are doing much to preserve environment.
In 1987 a “Green Peace” public commission has been set up. Its main goal is to combine the people’s efforts for peace with the huge and ever mounting movement for nature conservation. Another area of its work is to set up and strengthen cooperation among environmentalists from many similar organizations abroad.
“Travels for Peace and Nature” is the name of another public movement that appeared in Russia some years ago. It concentrates its efforts on theory and practical work.

Задание 19   Соответствуют ли следующие утверждения содержанию текста? Поставьте знак +, если соответствуют,  и знак - , если не соответствуют. (Выполняйте в цифро-буквенной системе)
Задание 20   Соедините предложения с помощью: as a result, therefore, consequently, as a consequence.
Задание 21   a) Пронумеруйте абзацы (A-F) в правильном порядке. (Выполняйте в цифро-буквенной системе)
b) Найдите в тексте и выпишите ответы на вопросы:
•    What is the profit from fur trade?
•    Wh ere was a campaign against cruelty to animals?

AGAINST FUR

A    
But for Americans, fur is still a part of the way of life. The fur trade is one of the oldest businesses in North America. Europeans started buying furs from the Indians over 350 years ago. Today it is a $2 billion industry.
B    
    For some people, fur is a symbol of luxury, wealth and success. For others, it’s a cruel and stupid business.
In many European countries, there have been long campaigns against the fur trade. Often these have been very successful – in Britain fur sales have fallen by 75%.
C    
The second way is getting fur from farmers. Farmers keep animals in special fur farms and then kill them when they want their fur.
D    
The industry gets fur in two ways. The first way is getting fur from trappers who set traps to catch and kill wild animals.
E    
Now some Americans want to stop the fur trade. Their strongest argument is that there are many natural alternatives to fur. It is easy to produce wool and cotton without cruelty to animals or damage to the environment. But still there are others who strongly support the idea of increasing fur farms and animal hunting. What do you think?
F    
Last year in North America, people killed nearly 13 million animals because of their fur.
*fur – мех; trapper – охотник, ловец пушного зверя
Задание  23
Напишите объявление в газету. Вашему строительному предприятию нужен инженер-строитель.