Контрольная работа по английскому языку

Вариант 5

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:
The crisis of ecology in the developing world

In the analysis, "The Economist" may be too positive in assessing the environmental problem and regarding only one aspect like pollution in industry. There is the conclusion that the incidence of pollution in the air has been decreasing. Nothing is said about the pollution of toxic waste, which has been left, and keeps piling up in the environment for so long in the world of industry. This tendency will continue until the next century as the government in industrial countries like America, Japan and Germany have not been successful in solving the problems of toxic waste, which has been accumulating for so long. It is because the main environmental policy emphasizes only the problems, which are visible and can be felt. The emphasis is on short-term pollution, which has an immediate effect to on people's health. The accumulating pollution cannot be seen easily, it is then neglected.
Besides, the analysis of the population of the world overlooks one main fact – although the growth rate is not as high as before the population of the world in this turn of the century will increase by approximately 80 million a year. (The amount is equal to the number of people in Germany.) It means that this amount of population among the impoverished and the deterioration of rural environment will heighten the environment crisis, which will have an effect on the production system and the ways of living of the people in developing countries. The very high increase of the population has affected the development in city and the living in urban areas. At present, there are 2,6 billion people living in cities. 1,7 billion of that amount live in the cities of developing countries. There is the prediction that the ratio will accelerate until the year 2015. Three quarters of the world population is in developing countries, which are very crowded, and the health problems are serious.
When we adopt the well-known "environmental formula" of Anne and Paul Ehrlich as the base on considering problems, we get the conclusion that the environment crisis has the tendency to become very critical. This formula says:
"Environment crisis (I) is settled by the amount of the population (P), the economic growth (A) and Production Technology (T), that is I = P × A × T".
Economic growth is also another main variable. The more development, there is the more the increase in production. It heightens the ecology system. Moreover, the production of one unit may cause a large quantity of pollution because of the use of unclean (unhealthy) technology, which endangers the environment. It is worrying that the trading, the production and the consuming will enhance the squandering of resources and the environment
will be seriously destroyed.

2. Переведите следующие условные предложения с русского на английский язык:

1. Я бы никогда не подумал, что это возможно, если бы я не увидел это своими глазами.
2. Я бы не стал делать этого на твоем месте.
3. В случае если тебе придется неожиданно уехать, пришли мне записку.
4. Пьеса понравилась бы мне больше, если бы она не была такой длинной.
5. Если бы не его болезнь, семья переехала бы в город.
6. Если бы он пришел вовремя, этого могло бы не случиться.
7. Если бы пошел дождь, я бы промокла до костей, так как на мне было очень легкое платье.
8. Куда бы ты пошел, если бы не было дождя?
9. Посиди с ним, и, если он вдруг попросит чего-нибудь, скажи мне.
10. Если бы я сказал что-нибудь подобное твоей тетушке, она сочла бы меня сумасшедшим.

3. Преобразуйте глаголы в скобках в инфинитив или герундий:

1. It was quite late when they saw Trasker … up the other side of the street. They saw him … in front of his house, … up at it and … his cigarette away (to come, to pause, to look, to throw).
2. … the truth, he felt disgusted with himself (to tell).
3. Even when my mother was alive it was considered … a great extravagance … to a hotel for dinner (to be, to go).
4. Meg was not much surprised in the morning … that her uncle was too unwell …, though he hoped … his work in the afternoon (to learn, to appear, to resume).
5. He knew that he ought to feel ashamed … … his father’s money when he made no effort … himself, but it did not seem … and he just went on … (to keep, to take, to support, to matter, to sketch).
6. I love you so much that I still can’t stop my heart … fast when I see you … something as ordinary as … the table (to beat, to do, to lay).
7. … on the deck Father surveyed the passengers … up the gang-way (to stand, to come).
8. He insisted upon her … a maid … in three afternoons a week … with the cleaning and ironing (to have, to come, to help).
9. He thought of … out and … a note to his wife … that he had been called away (to go, to leave, to say).
10. … frank, it is a great shock to me (to be).

4. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский язык:

1. Пожалуйста, перестаньте разговаривать. Я не слышу, что он говорит.
2. Хотя было очень поздно, он продолжал работать над докладом, который он собирался сделать на следующий день.
3. Они начали работать ровно в девять.
4. Я думаю, мы можем продолжить обсуждение этого вопроса.
5. Он продолжал читать книгу, пока не нашел нужное место.
6. Вы не возражаете, если я приведу с собой друга?
7. Я узнал этого человека, как только она закончила мне его описывать.
8. Я не буду возражать, если вы поможете ему в его работе.
9. Ты не возражаешь, если мы потанцуем еще немного?

5. Прочитайте, переведите и выучите следующий диалог:
MAKING HOTEL RESERVATIONS BY TELEPHONE
− Centre Hotel. Good morning. Can I help you?
− Good morning. I’d like to reserve a single room with bath beginning next Tuesday.
− Name, please?
− Victor Lavrov.
− How long will you be staying, Mr. Lavrov?
− I’ll be staying for two days. And one more thing. I’d like it to be a quiet room, not overlooking the
street.
− Just a moment... Unfortunately, we haven’t got any such accommodation available at the moment, but
the hotel’s situated in a very quiet part. I’m sure you’ll enjoy your stay here whichever room you book.
− Oh, thanks, I’ll leave it to you, then.
− Very good, sir. We’ll be looking forward to seeing you with us next Tuesday.